PMIP4 HadGEM2-A dust data

The simulation of the pre-industrial and LGM climate states with HadGEM2-A are described in more detail by Hopcroft & Valdes (2015), whilst the dust results are described by Hopcroft et al (2015). The dust scheme itself has been documented by Woodward (2011). HadGEM2-ES is documented by Collins et al (2011).

Data files

files names = PMIP4_DUST_Hopcroft_<field>_<expt>.nc

field = see Variables section below

expt = PI or LGM

Dimensions

nb_time = 12 (12 monthly time steps in each file)

nb_lat, nb_lon = 145, 192

latitude_values = [ -90, -88.75, -87.5, ... 87.5, 88.75, 90 ]

longitude_values = [ 0, 1.875, 3.75, ... 354.375, 356.25, 358.125 ]

size_bin = 6

dust size bin edges = 0.0316, 0.1, 0.316, 1.0, 3.16, 10.0 and 31.6 μm

nb_wavelength = 6

AOD is given on 6 wavelengths. These are 0.38, 0.44, 0.55, 0.67, 0.87 and 1.02 μm (Bellouin et al 2007).

nb_levels = 38

check the PMIP4_DUST_Hopcroft_conc_<expt>.nc files for details about the hybrid coordinates

Variables

2D dust fields

emis: emission (lon,lat,size,month) [g/m2/a]

ddep: dry deposition (lon,lat,size,month) [g/m2/a]

wdep: wet deposition (lon,lat,size,month) [g/m2/a]

load: dust loading (lon,lat,size,month) [kg/m2]

aot: aerosol optical thickness (lon,lat,wavelength,month) [unitless]

rfss: surface short-wave radiative forcing (lon,lat,month) [W/m2]

rfsl: surface long-wave radiative forcing (lon,lat,month) [W/m2]

rfts: TOA short-wave radiative forcing (lon,lat,month) [W/m2]

rftl: TOA long-wave radiative forcing (lon,lat,month) [W/m2]

3D dust fields

conc: mass mixing ratio (lon,lat,lev,month) [kg/kg] x 6 bins

References

Bellouin, N et al., (2007), Improved representation of aerosols for HadGEM2, Hadley Centre Technical Note 73, Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, UK:

Collins, WJ et al (2011), Development and evaluation of an Earth-System model – HadGEM2, Geoscientific Model Development, 4, 1051-1075, doi:10.5194/gmd-4-1051-2011.

Hopcroft, P.O. and P.J. Valdes (2014), Last Glacial Maximum constraints on the Earth System Model HadGEM2-ES, Climate Dynamics, 45(5), 1657-1672, doi:10.1007/s00382-014-2421-0.

Hopcroft, P.O., P.J. Valdes, S. Woodward and M. Joshi (2015), Last glacial maximum radiative forcing from mineral dust aerosols in an Earth System model, J Geophysical Research, 120(16), 8186-8205, doi:10.1002/2015JD023742.

Woodward, S. (2011), Mineral dust in HadGEM2, Hadley Centre Technical Note 87, Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, UK.

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